Later Adulthood Development Report Essay Example for Free

Later Adulthood Development Report Essay Maturing happens in each phase of life, and as grown-ups become more seasoned and move starting with one phase of adulthood then onto the next numerous new changes can happen in their regular daily existences. The progress from center adulthood to later adulthood can bring an unheard of level of changes to an individual’s life. The maturing procedure remembers changes for jobs and social positions, considering living lodging with human services needs, progressing from work life to retirement, changes in social approaches, and changes involved with relatives and friends. As maturing happens people notice a various measure of changes in their lives. A portion of those progressions happen in their jobs and social positions. As an individual ages they may start to see both physical and mental changes that decline their capacity to complete exercises in their day by day schedules. A person who was at one time the pioneer of organization gatherings may see that they are not, at this point ready to hear or see things just as they were previously, and they will be unable to process their considerations as fast. They may likewise see a postponement in their response time. While a few people may expect it is a result of a clinical issue, it could simply be a direct result of maturing. As maturing proceeds all through later adulthood people may likewise see changes in their physical appearances, for example, free or wrinkly skin and a decline in muscle tone. All through life people may choose to move starting with one spot then onto the next to encounter what it resembles to live in another spot. As people age their wellbeing begins to decay, and now and again, a few families need to settle on the choice to place their friends and family in a nursing home or recruit a nursing staff to do home visits. At the point when the soundness of a friend or family member turns into an issue relatives need to ensure they are getting theâ proper care they have to guarantee their friends and family are sheltered and their wellbeing needs are being met. Some old people can experience life and not need any kind of help thinking about themselves, however a few people become ill and can't appropriately deal with themselves any more. Alzheimer’s and Dementia are two of the most noticeably awful ailments an individual can create as they age. Once Alzheimer’s or Dementia truly set in the individual begin to overlook life as they recently knew it. They no longer perceive their family or companions and make some hard memories recalling that anything about their lives. As indicated by the Alzheimer’s Association there are three phases to Alzheimer’s sickness, the early, center, and late stages. In the beginning times of Alzheimer’s malady an individual may even now work just as they did before they realized they had the sickness, â€Å"He or she may at present drive, work, and be a piece of social activities† (Alzheimer’s Association, 2015). As indicated by the Alzheimer’s Association, â€Å"The center phases of Alzheimer’s are normally the longest and can keep going for some years†. The third, and last phase of Alzheimer’s, the late stages, as indicated by the Alzheimer’s Association, â€Å"may keep going for half a month or quite a long while and requires serious are the clock care†. As Alzheimer’s advances the individual may encounter indications, for example, outrage, uneasiness, gloom, fantasies, memory misfortune, disarray, redundancy, and physical inconvenience. As Alzheimer’s gradually begins to assume control over the individual it gets increasingly hard for both the individual and the family to manage the progressions that are happening. That is the reason it is so critical to ensure there is a prepared clinical expert on location consistently to mind and solace the individual managing the ailment. The progress from working life to retirement can be a troublesome procedure for certain grown-ups as they battle to acknowledge the progressions that will happen in their way of life. In any case, then again, retirement can likewise be an agreeable time for certain grown-ups as they consider it to be a chance to do things they love without agonizing over work meddling with their arrangements. Some maturing grown-ups make some hard memories adapting to the idea of retirement as a result of the uncommon change in pay and they don't have the foggiest idea what to do withâ all the additional time they will have for the duration of the day. While the adjustments in pay between a week after week or fortnightly check incredibly contrast from their past calling and the measure of cash got through standardized savings, most managers offer a 401K reserve funds intend to help with retirement and life subsequent to working. Social arrangements were placed in judgment to guarantee that anybody in need can have their requirements met. These requirements can incorporate clinical, wholesome, and pay needs. The administration has supported projects, for example, food stamps to help families everywhere throughout the nation give food to their families. Other government projects, for example, Medicaid and Medicare are unblemished to help spread clinical costs for individuals who can't bear the cost of wellbeing or dental protection. With regards to the old, social projects, for example, Social Security and the Older Americans Act were put flawless to guarantee the old (anybody matured sixty five or more established) can monetarily bolster themselves. Social arrangements are an incredible method to guarantee people are appropriately dealt with and can bolster themselves. Family is perpetually, and no one ought to ever feel as though they need to experience life alone. As we age it is critical to recall how significant our loved ones truly are to us. We spend our entire lives looking for somebody to spend the remainder of our lives with and to construct a family with, however as we age and individuals in our families begin to bite the dust individuals start to feel desolate. Losing a nearby relative or even a companion can leave people with a sentiment of dejection or even melancholy, â€Å"Most individuals seventy years old or more established are bereaved, separated, or single† (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010). Grandparents and extraordinary grandparents ought to never need to feel like they are immaterial or undesirable by their families. As people develop and go on with their own lives they ought to consistently keep on keeping in contact with everybody in their family, however they ought to particularly ensure their grandparents and more established relatives are sound and all around dealt with. The progressions that happen all through our day by day lives are setting us up for the following phase of life. As people age they experience new things and learnâ new things about themselves. A few people dread maturing as they dread they will not, at this point have the option to appropriately think about themselves any more, however with the affection and backing from our families the sky is the limit. The maturing procedure remembers changes for jobs and social positions, considering living housing with human services needs, progressing from work lifeâ to retirement, changes in social approaches, and changes involved with relatives and friends. Maturing is only one of the numerous parts of life that everybody needs to manage, and it is dependent upon us to decide how we need to manage it and let it influence our regular day to day existence. References: Alzheimer’s Association. The Stages of Alzheimer’s. Recovered from: http://www.alz.org/living_with_alzheimers_4521.asp U.S Department of Health and Family Services. Thinking about Frail Elderly People: Policies in Evolution. Recovered from: http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/chap14.htm Zastrow, C.H. Kirst-Ashman, K.K. (2010). Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment (eighth Ed.)

The Master-Slave Relationship Essay -- master Slave Essays

The Master-Slave Relationship In this paper I will talk about the ace slave relationship. I will give you an understanding with regards to how this association exists. Additionally I will brief you on how without this relationship a city would not exist. This paper won't just characterize the ace slave relationship yet give citations and models that will help you the peruser to completely comprehend this idea. In the ace slave relationship, with this association, the ace can not exist without the slave. The slave is there to help the ace with the keeping up of the master’s needs and needs. In the homeroom setting the instructor is the slave since the person has the information that is required by the understudies. The understudies would be the ace in light of the fact that the instructor is maintaining the wants and wishes of the understudies by showing them the information they have. As per Aristotle The Politics, Book I Chapter 2, â€Å"The normally controlling and governed, on the record of protection. For that which can see with the idea is normally governing and normally acing components while that which can do with the body is normally controlled and slave.† This is one of the basic connections that are known in the family unit. The family unit is the organization set up essentially for the requirements of every day life. A gathering of family units makes up a town, and a gathering of towns makes up a city. Since we have seen that the city is comprised of family units, I might want to talk about that administration of the family. What makes up the family unit identifies with the individuals in the family unit. A total family comprise of slaves and freemen; who are the ace and slave, the couple, and the parent and kid. The administration of the ace over the slave is not quite the same as nature, and the distinction between the slave and freeman just exists by law. It is viewed as just, yet the slave and freeman don’t exists commonly and being an obstruction with nature is thus uncalled for. What is property? As indicated by the Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary property is characterized as a quality or characteristic having a place and particularly impossible to miss to an individual or thing. Property is additionally related to the family, and the capacity of overseeing property is likewise a piece of dealing with the family; for no man can live well, or for sure live by any stretch of the imagination, except if he is provided with the fundamental things expected to endure... ...ical rule were the equivalent, yet they are unique. Authority and political principle are not something very similar, in light of the fact that political guideline is over the individuals who are free and equivalent. With this standard the ace isn't called ace since he has expertise that is required. To be enamored is to likewise be in an ace slave relationship. With this structure you are attempting to typify in the individual what you think you need. So the individual that needs something is the ace and the person who envelops it is the slave. Authority rule is obtaining slaves yet utilizing them for their favorable position. With subjugation, the bosses obtained slaves, and the slaves were utilized for the fiscal addition of the experts. All in all, the ace slave relationship not one just exist in the family, however it exist in the public eye and regular day to day existence. Without this relationship, individuals would be not able to figure out who they are as an individual and what their motivation is throughout everyday life. This relationship characterizes numerous connections, climate it is sentimental, instructive, or an occupation work. I never truly pondered this relationship and simply related it to subjection, yet I have come to realize that it is a noteworthy perspective in the manner life’s connections are seen.

Pharmacy Technician Resume Examples, Template Complete Guide

Pharmacy Technician Resume Examples, Template Complete Guide When you enter the pharmacy with millions of questions running through your head and a long list of who-knows-which medicine to buy, nervous is the best word to describe that mess, isn’t that so?Well, a well-educated and pleasant pharmacy technician can calm you down and provide you with the needed info and all.Perhaps underestimating is a too harsh word, but not all of us are aware of the duties and obligations of a pharmacy technician.Though we usually think of that person as someone who just sells medicine, classifies drugs and similar, there’s much more than we realize.You found the position advertised and it came to your mind that YOU may be the perfect and the most suitable candidate for that job.Consider yourself a lucky one, because you have found yourself in the best possible place. We have just what you need, a whole load of useful tips and tricks to help you ace the resume.Creating a good and attractive CV and cover letter which stand among the crowd is not an easy tas k.That’s why we came up with a thorough guide to help you write great bio which has high chances to win then the competition.We’ll show you how to write a perfect CV and help you get that job which caught your attention. Your experience, knowledge, and talents are key ingredients, but knowing how to organize and articulate them also matters.To make the situation even more challenging we will tell you that the majority of companies use some application or program that automatically filters all the resumes.So, a CV gets eliminated even before the human eye gets the chance to read is because a machine found it inadequate.How sad is that?But, don’t despair, we have what it takes to create a “filter-friendly” resume and boost your chances to beat the competition.Retail Pharmacy Technician Resume Example Right Compounding Pharmacy Technician Resume Example Right Create your own resumeWe gave you two practical examples of how your resume should look like when youre applying for the position of either retail or compound pharmacy technician. Now that you have in mind all the aspects most job recruiters pay attention to, you are already a halfway to getting the desired position.To boost the chances additionally, we shall now go through each section a bit deeper. Our detailed guide will make sure you have just the right knowledge about how to write the proper format of the resume.Don’t hesitate to use our resume templates, because they are quite convenient and practical.The best of all, you can change or add any section you want, so that it meets the demands for the specific job advertisement.The templates are highly-adjustable and tailored to make your journey to the ideal job as smooth as possible.GUIDE ON WRITING THE PERSONAL INFO SECTION FOR PHARMACY TECHNICIAN RESUMEThe beginning is more or less the same as every CV. Those are usually you r personal information.However, you don’t have to list anything that will make you feel uncomfortable. Always include just the necessary basics about you, such as full name, phone number, e-mail, and address.These data are among the most common requirements regardless of the position you apply to.As for additional information, it’s entirely up to you to decide if you want or not to include those in your resume as well.Pay special attention to the e-mail address you include in your CV. Avoid writing an address that sounds embarrassing, inappropriate or silly. Those can only decrease your chances to be among the selected candidates.Opt for one that sounds ordinary and professional. If you haven’t got something like that, well, create it. It takes just several minutes, but it makes a significant difference.Here’s a practical example:sonya.morgan@gmail.com Rightsonya_loves_chocolate@gmail.com WrongAs far as your full name, things are pretty clear on this one. NEVER EVER write nicknames, alias names, and pseudonyms. Your real name is what matters the most to your potential employee, so that is, quite logical, what you should write in your CV.Sonya Morgan RightSweet Sonnie Hayford WrongHave in mind that when you’re listing your profession, avoid generic and broad expression. It’s important to be specific. The recruiter should get a precise definition of you as possible.The first option is to choose to write your actual profession, the subject you’ve graduated on or the topic of your master thesis. The second is to write your previous job title if you’ve changed professions during your career.Whichever you select, just make sure it’s direct to the point.Retail pharmacy technician RightPharmacy technician WrongThe last thing, if you decide to add your social media to your resume, which we warmly advise you to, including LinkedIn.This site can be used as your other resume where the potential employers can get more information about you if your C V caught their attention.If you include it, make sure it’s up to date, otherwise, the effect will be the opposite. The information from your resume and profile have to be correspondent to each other.SUMMARY SECTION FOR PHARMACY TECHNICIAN THAT WORKS IN 2019The next step is the Summary section, which represents a mini intro compiled of your work experience, education, and skills.It is essential to write this segment precise and concise so that HRs reading your resume can have a clear picture of you.Here’s what you need to pay attention to:Be precise â€" Your summary should feature information that can be found in the rest of your CV. It shouldn’t be a new bit of info. It’s a brief version of something that is later described or mentioned.Have reasonable expectations â€" You can tailor your summary to sound as if you are an expert like no other in the world, but if there’s no actual work experience or set of skills to support that, it may sound overestimated or even false.Av oid sounding boring â€" No one says that it has to be a highly-descriptive essay, but make sure it sounds engaging enough for the recruiter to pay attention while reading it. The last thing you want is your employer falling asleep because your CV is the same all the way. Make it sound exciting but focus on being honest as well.Come to think of an ideal summary, it should consist of two or three sentences describing your skillsets, experience and the place you graduated from and typically it should contain at least one reason why you are applying for this job.On the other hand, you can also opt for a combination of your skills and experience, if you prefer. The point is to catch attention. Here’s a practical example to illustrate so:SummaryCompound pharmacy technician with 6+ years of experience, with a high level of efficiency in supervising and executing manufacturing formula in a timely fashion. Provided exceptional client service and assisted custodial staff with the cleaning o f the facilities when requested. Examined prescription list regularly, making sure that expired medications must be returned to the manufacturer. RightSummaryExperienced pharmacy technician. Monitored and executed manufacturing formula. Provided excellent customer support. WrongOur simple guide will bring you higher chances to get the desired job. A dull summary (and overall CV) can only stray the recruiter away from your resume to another candidate, without even allowing you to show that you are the right person for the position.Even if you are the most qualified candidate for the advertised job, it’s necessary to spice things up a bit.Not telling lies, of course, but arranging them in the most attractive manner possible. We have shown you how to achieve so, and here are more useful tips and tricks!WRITING THE PERFECT EXPERIENCE SECTION FOR PHARMACY TECHNICIANThe Summary is extremely important, but arranging the Experience section is the crucial thing on your CV.The main reason is that this aspect provides essential information about your previous experience and shows if you are qualified for the position. Furthermore, the recruiter can evaluate in which way you can contribute to the company.If youve proved yourself as a good and reliable employee in previous companies youve worked for and if you have the required skill set to contribute to the company youre applying to, chances are you will get the job.Moreover, if you know how to arrange and articulate those, chances are even bigger.Also, by listing your previous positions and experience you are providing your employer the information of for how long have you’ve been employed and unemployed.This is an important signal for the potential employers because sometimes they are simply not so willing to give the job someone who doesn’t have at least 2 or 3 years of experience.Sometimes a person can have an excellent set of skills, but the experience still prevails, as it confirms how you utilize the skills you have. It may not sound fair, particularly for entry-level and inexperienced candidates, but the competition is merciless.When listing the previous position, don’t forget, you should always add 3 or 4 bullets about how you’ve contributed to the company. Here’s an extra tip for you numbers and percentages do the magic!They have the power to convince your employer that you’ve made an impact on your previous job position.Of course, don’t push this, if impossible. The trick cannot be applied to absolutely every profession and implementing those artificially can only be a sign that you are performing tricks instead of focusing on reality. Right WrongHave this in mind as well- when writing about your previous experiences, include only the purposeful ones in your resume. The rule “the more the better” does not make sense here.The only jobs you should list are those which are somehow connected to the profession you’re applying for.If you were washing dishes for a year before your real career began or you were a pet sitter occasionally, it’s quite okay to omit that from your resume.Those experiences are completely irrelevant to the position of pharmacy technician.EDUCATION THAT WILL GET EARN YOU YOUR NEXT JOBThis one may not be as important as the Experience section, but you should also arrange it carefully.This section can make a difference in the situation if there are two candidates with equal experience and skill set.To take a practical example, if a recruiter is to choose between two candidates, one who has excellent grades and skills, and the other who has a year or two of experience, but no contribution on the job, the logical choice is the first candidate.So, the education matters, like all the other sections do, which is why one must carefully write and describe all the qualifications and skills, seminars, essays.Again, make sure there’s a balance.Don’t just list things for the sake of listing them, do so if they are connected with the position you are applying for.Here are the points to highlight in the Education section:The college, academy or online course you’ve graduated from.GPA scores if it is very high.Papers youve written, projects youve taken part in and seminars youve visited.Organizations and clubs you’ve joined.Being a pharmacy technician is a responsible and dynamic position if you are a kind of person that can show so.There are plenty of opportunities to grow professionally and constantly acquire new knowledge.That’s why it’s essential to write a CV that will represent all your qualities at their finest, and make the recruiters believe that there’s n o better candidate than you.ORDER OF SKILLS IS IMPORTANT, WRITE IT SMARTThere are several types of the position of a pharmacy technician, so the skillset varies depending on that.Although they may sound like ordinary and not so important duties to you, to the recruiter they are very meaningful.Your job is to describe them as less generic as possible. It may sound challenging, but there’s a little trick on how to make them sound dynamic.When listing skills, for example for retail pharmacy technician and compound pharmacy technician, try to think of what are the specific requirements for each of these positions. Based on that, think of adequate skills and describe them well and precise.Whatever you do, avoid listing mediocre skills which everyone who applies for this position usually list. Let us give you a practical example to explain: Right Wrong Pro TipSide note:The same thing as with the Experience section, don’t list skills which have nothing to do with the position you are applying for. The fact that you are “great at making pasta with tomato sauce” or “passionate swimmer” sound cool, but do not explain whether you are a qualified pharmacy technician or not.USEFUL TIPS AND TRICKS FOR WRITING PHARMACY TECHNICIAN RESUMELength of your resume â€" It’s not about adding as many things as you can think of in your resume, but listing what matters. Keep in mind that recruiters haven’t got much time to check out all the CVs, so you need to maintain an optimal length. The ideal is around one page, two is still okay if you have so much precious experience, but beyond that is too much.Proofreading â€" Be careful and double-check what and how you wrote it all. Grammar errors, typos and similar are a bug must NOT have in the CV. Don’t let a grammatical error damage your credibility and be the eliminatory factor. If you are not sure or have some doubts about the correctness, send your resume to a proofreader.Reviewing â€" Carefully review your CV and when you finish, do it once again. Having a second opinion is also a great option to make sure that your resume sounds okay. If you have a friend who is an HR, consider sending your resume to him/ her. Independent opinion is always valuable and can get you a useful insight from some new perspective.Articulate â€" The ability to articulate the information you provide on your resume precisely is a crucial thing. Try to be clear and precise, the last thing you want is ending up being interpreted the wrong way. If you want that job, make your resume sound and look presentable.Adapting your resume â€" Adjust your resume based on the position you are applying for so that it matches the specific requirements. Yes, the best would be to write a different resume every time you apply for some job, but in case you cannot, adapt it to match the position you are interested in. Not all job positions require the same skills and the same work experience and that’s why it important to personalize your CV based on the demands.Bulleting â€" Do you know that the recruiters spend just 6 seconds on average looking at one’s resume? Six seconds?! The best way to utilize those seconds wisely is to use bullet points in your resume. They are an excellent way to make your CV well-organized and easy to read, which is the fastest way that the potential employer spots you.Highlighting â€" If you want to emphasize keywords, you can mix this with bullet points. However, try not to over-do it as it may become counter-productive. It’s not about artificially trying to impress your potential employer, but stressing out key points in a balanced way.Font â€" Those handwritten-like fonts such as Segoe Print or MV Boli, do look stylish and pretty, but not in your CV. The fact that your resume is written in some unique and good-looking font definitely won’ t increase the chances to get the job so stick with the good, old fonts like Cambria, Helvetica, Calibri, Times New Roman, and similar. The biggest secret of their success is that they look neutral and are easy to read. That’s why they are the most common choice for various formal documents, among which resumes.Formatting â€" Make sure have a copy of your resume both in physical and digital form. You don’t want a power outage to surprise you, and those things happen, no matter how bizarre it sounds. In addition to this, provide a CV in different formats such as PDF and TXT because you never know which format does the recruiter prefer.E-Mail â€" Don’t forget to check your E-Mail regularly. It’s a must when applying for a job. While back then it was quite common to get a phone call directly from your boss asking you if you can come into interview tomorrow because you are among the selected candidates, it’s no longer a practice. And the last thing you want is missing the chan ce, right?Resume template â€" We came up with very practical resume template builders for various profiles of jobs and it’s highly likely that you will find just the right one for your profession. Once you start using it, you will save you a lot of your precious time. There’s an option to add the sections you need, exclude the ones you don’t and much more than that. Feel free to give it a chance!CONCLUSIONThank you for being with us through our thorough guide on how to write a resume for pharmacy technician. If you follow these steps, you boost the chances to get the desired job.Now that you know how to list your skillset, education, and experience properly and which are the points to stress out in each of the sections, get down to the job and create the best CV there is.If still have some doubts on how to write the perfect resume and are concerned about its layout, don’t start panicking, we have just the solution for that as well. Check out our resume template builder and s tart writing your CV by implementing all that we’ve talked here about today.We wish you plenty of luck in finding and getting your dream job! Create your own resume

Tracing The Development Of Le Corbusier s Ville Radieuse

Final Research Project Nick Wurm Arch A46 Tracing the Development of Le Corbusier’s Ville Radieuse Introduction It is no understatement that the modern era was and continues to be one of the most destructive, progressive, and enlightening periods that mankind has come to know. One begins to understand what this pre-World War II era of modern design history must have been like through the specific lens of artist and architect Le Corbusier in his 1931 publication entitled â€Å"Towards a New Architecture†: A man of to-day, reading this book, may have the impression of something akin to a nightmare. Many of our most cherished ideas in regard to the â€Å"Englishman’s castle† – the lichened tiled roof, the gabled house, patina – are treated as toys to be discarded, and we are offered instead human warrens of sixty stories, the concrete house hard and clean, fittings as coldly efficient as those of a ship’s cabin or of a motor-car, and the standardized products of mass production throughout. Immediately, one recognizes the contradictory and artistically pessimistic viewpoint that Le Corbusier adopts at the beginning of his book. Influenced by the war-torn European landscape, it is no wonder that Le Corbusier choose to expose himself to the idea that the pre-World War I condition involving craftsmanship and traditional societal constructs was of replicable importance. As with most post-war reflections, persons writing about their wartime experiences tend to incorporate some idea of

Examining Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers Theories - 863 Words

Introduction I hereby will be focusing on Humanistic Perspectives by examining Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers’s theories. I will examine their theories, by starting with Carl Rogers’s theory then Abraham Maslow’s theory. I will also evaluate the human perspectives and apply Abraham Maslow’s theory to my own life. Roger’s Person-centred Carl Roger was one of the founders of human potential movement, he agreed with the main assumptions of Maslow but he added that for an individual to grow they need an environment that provides them with empathy and genuineness acceptance. The self Rogers viewed personality structure in terms of one construct; he named the construct the self. A person’s self-concept is the way he or she views herself. It is all in the mind of the individual. Carl Roger states that each individual is aware of his self-concept, he also emphasis the subjective nature of self-concept. Most people tend to twist their experiences to an extent that they promote a relatively favourable self-concept for example, one might think that she is attractive while another person might not even agree. Roger called the gap between self-concept and reality incongruence. If a person’s self-concept is true than that is called congruence. (Weiten.w.2014) Development of the self In terms of personality development Roger is concord wit how congruence or incongruence is promoted in childhood experiences. According to Roger people have a strong need for affection, love andShow MoreRelatedDescription in Detail of the Humanistic Theories by Rogers and Maslow1517 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal growth. People like Carl Rogers who have brought about person-centred theory and Abraham Maslow who has developed a hierarchy of needs, where he emphasized on self-actualization. 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Both arguments were different, but similar in their ways of exploring and examining the elements of consciousness. These movements faded and today psychology is not classified into these two sch ools. HistoriansRead More Donald Trump-Super Supervisor Essay2289 Words   |  10 Pagesmagazines he receives daily. He also recommends reading books, which he does each evening† (Trump, 2004). Major personality theorist would have their own explanation on how Donald Trump became a super supervisor success story. Sigmund Freud had his theory that behavior and personality emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind from early childhood experiences. An example of childhood experience Donald inherited the skill of recognizing a good deal when he saw it, since Donald would assist his father

Virus- †Malicious Software †Introduction Free Essays

Introduction This assignment will explain about today’s most dangerous challenges for computer users, developers, professionals and all, one common step of assault on computer is ‘malicious computer program called Virus’. They have many different types; some of them can do very devastating effect on system and cost fortune as well. Most of the organisations have big challenges to block such a data effecting viruses. We will write a custom essay sample on Virus- – Malicious Software – Introduction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Estate agency business is the one of the organisation which is always a treat because of there confidential data-transferring between clients and staffs, so it’s effecting companies network performances and productivity. We will see some of them and understand how we can protect systems. About There have been well said about viruses from Microsoft (2006) â€Å"Computer viruses are small software programs that are designed to spread from one computer to another and to interfere with computer operation. A virus might corrupt or delete data on your computer, use your e-mail program to spread itself to other computers, or even erase everything on your hard disk†. Computer viruses are some well written programs by programmers. They will upload on your computer or server without your information and execute without your knowledge. Some of them will corrupt or delete your important data as well as application files. An even more they will attack on your system files, networks. They will distribute your data form one computer to another. It’s depends on different kind of viruses and there own capability. History â€Å"There are times when people want to destroy computers. In a time of war, a country may want to hamstring their enemy by destroying their intelligence databases (Ludwig, 1996)†. According to Spamlaws (2010) ,There are plenty of malicious software ,which is effected on computers . ostly know as viruses, spywares, trojan hourses and worms, rootkits and many other dangerous program which effect on system . As per comparisen these are different to each other : Viruses : Comuter viruses make system halt or keep contatly shuting down and do damages to files so user have difficulties to access documents or any other applications. These type of virsues make such damages which can be seen. Spyw are:These types of software is installed on computer without user’s knowladge. They will change computer settings, make computer functionality difficult to use. They will collect data from users computer and sendback to remote host. Capable to hack your password,financial information. Trojan hourse: According to Cicso(2010), it is harmful piece of software,after it is activated,it can irritating the user by popping up windows,changing desktops,damaging deleting files,staling data as well as activating and spreading viruses. Worms:Worms are damaging and irritating others network than host computer, it is dangarous to sending viruses to other computers without effecting host computer. Athors claim,(Ianelli,Kinder and Roylo,2007)â€Å"If attackers can get their malware downloaded on victims system,they can earn money by causing the system to run the pay-per-install software†. Causes to Estate Agency Bussiness : Unlikely other businesses Estate agency is always an attackers target because of ‘Confidential’ data transfering on Internet with its clients. By virus attack it can be posible to change in important documents or companies policy,as per McAfee (2000),In 2000 ‘ILOVEYOU’ virus had similarly damage to thousands of computer. Virus can make very devastating effect on Estate agencies e-mail system,which is always busy for transfering important application files (DOC,. EXL,PPT etc) between millions of computer,as per CERT (1999),In1999 ‘Melissa’ virus was so powerful that it forced Microsoft’s and other big organisation to switch off their Email systems. Similarly ‘Twitter worm’ has effected upto quarter of millions twitter accounts in Jan 2010. Suggetion for better use of computer systems in Estate agency : ? Manage and admin all data, email system and applications centralized. ? Keep backup regularly and easily. ? Add new clause in ‘Turms of use’ for fair use of data handling to all users. ? Install Anti-virus software that will update regularly to check all downloaded files and block new spywares. Show and prove more commitement to data security within organisation. ? Use more secure operating systems like UNIX, LINUX. ? Avoid downloading unsecured data software from third party web sites or unathorized CD, DVD or external memory stick’s. ? Provide technical support to staff about how to deal with such odd files or data. For example, never run executable files (. EXE) which comes with email attachments. ? It is an advantage to use malware analysis software with the email system. Conclusion : Investment into Companies IT infrastructure will help to block malicious software and improve security for online communication. It can be reduce cost on system maintenances and additional accessories like software, hardware. Staff can work more efficiently and more positively to produce better results. Customer’s as well more assured about data security with the organisation. They don’t be worried about confidentiality of sharing personal data with the company. Satisfied customers is the most important key factor to become a successful organisation. References used in this assignment : o CERT,1999, http://www. cert. org/advisories/CA-1999-04. html ( Last accessed 31/10/2010) o Cisco, 2010, What is the difference:Viruses,Worms,Trojans and Bots? http://www. cisco. om/web/about/security/intelligence/virus-worm-diffs. htm l( Last accessed 30/10/2010) o Ianelli,N. ,Kinder,R. and Roylo,C. (2007) The use of malware analysis in support of law enforcement (P. ) Carnegie mellon university o Ludwig, M. A. (1996) The little black book of computer viruses (p. 11). Arizona: American eagle publication. o McAfee,2000, http://vil. nai. com/vil/content/v_98617. htm (Last accessed 30/10/2010) o Microsoft,2006, http://www. microsoft. com/uk/protect/computer/basics/virus. mspx ( Last accessed 30/10/2010). o Spamlaws ,2010, http://www. spamlaws. com/malware-types. html ( Last accessed 01/11/2010) How to cite Virus- – Malicious Software – Introduction, Papers

Okapi And Giraffe Similarities Essays - Giraffes, Mammals Of Africa

Okapi And Giraffe Similarities What adaptation do both the Okapi and Giraffe have that enables them to rip/pull food from strong branches? The long, sticky tongue that both the Okapi and Giraffe have allows them to pull shoots and leaves from strong and hardy branches with ease. The animals can also reach their eyes and ear with their tongue so they can easily rid those areas of bugs and parasites. The tongue also enables the Giraffe and Okapi to easily keep their young clean and healthy. What adaptation do both the Okapi and Giraffe have that allows them to gain nutrients in hard to reach places? Both the Giraffe and Okapi have incredibly flexible necks that allow them to awkwardly turn their heads to reach food. They can easily twist around trees or large branches to reach the leaves, or any food, that they desire. What substance do the Giraffe and Okapi share that allows them to eat and digest "harsh" foods? Both the Giraffes and Okapi have thick and sticky saliva that allows them to eat and digest thorny, sharp branches with ease. The thorns and sharp edges are covered by the saliva and can't prick or scratch the tongue, lining of the throat, or stomach. What ability do both the Okapi and the Giraffe obtain after birth which enables them to survive with more ease? After a Giraffe or Okapi young has been born, it can stand firmly on it's feet in 15 minuets. This allows them to be able to run if predators are nearby and it also allows them to get food from their mother quickly and efficiently. If the newborn does not gain the necessary nutrients, they will become weak and be easy prey for predators. What do mother Giraffes and Okapis have that keeps their baby on track when traveling? Both the Okapi and Giraffe have distinct markings (each individual animal has it's very own unique set) that catch a young's eye and basically says "Follow Me!" This enables the herd to travel more quickly and efficiently since they don't have to keep such a close eye on the young. What adaptation ensures that a Giraffe and Okapi baby will be fully developed, able to gain food, and resist predators? Both Giraffe and Okapi females have a gestation period of 15 months, which allows the young to fully develop in the womb before entering the world. If a baby entered the world weak, it wouldn't be able to get nutrients or resist predator attack. Also, since both species are so complex, each young requires more than a year to completely develop all it's parts.

Greasy Lake by T. C. Boyle Essays

Greasy Lake by T. C. Boyle Essays Greasy Lake by T. C. Boyle Essay Greasy Lake by T. C. Boyle Essay Essay Topic: Easy In the coming of age, young adults and adolescents experience with numerous positive and negative things, in doing so they gain hands-on life experience and knowledge of important life lessons that shape and mold them into the adults they become in the future. many if not all young people coming into the age of majority explore different things in life and want to step out of the traditional societal norm during this phase they may indulge in drugs alcohol and many other mischievous activities for in doing so they learn from their mistakes and grow into better mature adults. in the short story greasy lake by author t.c. boyle the above statements can be shown indefinitely. the story follows the adventure of three boys and their one night of juvenile exploration into the greasy lake, the characters are intent on proving that they are bad and in the process they have a most unfortunate chain of events, which lead them to change their ways and hopefully take a different path in life. th roughout the story the young men boast on how bad they are and the main character gives us some details about the other boys badness but they soon learn that they are not cut out for that bad lifestyle in the first passage of the story the main characters elaborately recalls his adolescents and how him and his friends at the time were dangerous characters reminiscing on a time when it was good to be bad The protagonist, who remains unnamed throughout the story, and his two friends, try to reciprocate what a typical â€Å"bad boy† is and what they would typically do.T.C. Boyle states â€Å"watch a girl take off her clothes and plunge into the festering murk, drink beer, smoke pot, howl at the stars, savor the incongruous full-throated roar of rock and roll against the primeval susurrus of frogs and crickets. This was nature.†As if this is what felt natural to them.Hunting down this kind of fun.Seeing that all of these words are used in the past ten :

Platos Apology

Platos Apology Platos  Apology  is one of the most famous and admired texts in world literature.  It offers what many scholars believe is a fairly  reliable account of what the Athenian philosopher Socrates (469 BCE - 399 BCE) said in court on the day that he was tried and condemned to death on charges of impiety and corrupting the youth. Although short, it offers an unforgettable  portrait of Socrates, who comes across as smart, ironic, proud, humble, self-assured, and fearless in the face of death.  It offers not just a defense of Socrates the man but also a defense of the philosophical life, which is one reason it has always been popular with philosophers! The text and the title The work was written by Plato  who was present at the trial.  At the time he was 28 years old and a great admirer of Socrates, so the portrait and the speech may be embellished to cast both in a good light.  Even so, some of what Socrates detractors called his arrogance comes through. The  Apology  is most definitely not an apology: the Greek word apologia really means defense. Background: Why was Socrates put on trial? This is a little complicated.  The trial took place in Athens in 399 BCE.  Socrates was not prosecuted by the statethat is, by the city of Athens, but by three individuals, Anytus, Meletus, and Lycon.  He faced two charges: 1) corrupting the youth 2) impiety or irreligion.   But as Socrates himself says, behind his new accusers there are old accusers. Part of what he means is this.  In 404 BCE, just five years earlier, Athens had been defeated by its rival city state Sparta after a long and devastating conflict known ever since as the Peloponnesian War. Although he fought bravely for Athens during the war, Socrates was closely associated with characters like Alcibiades who some blamed for Athens ultimate defeat.   Worse still, for a short time after the war, Athens was ruled by a bloodthirsty and oppressive group put in place by Sparta, the thirty tyrants as they were called.  And Socrates had at one time been friendly with some of them.  When the thirty tyrants were overthrown in 403 BCE and  democracy was restored in Athens, it was agreed that no-one should be prosecuted for things done during the war or during the reign of the tyrants. Because of this general amnesty, the charges against Socrates were left rather vague.  But everyone in court that day would have understood what lay behind them. Socrates formal refutation of the charges against him In the first part of his speech Socrates shows that the charges against him dont make much sense. Meletus in effect claims that Socrates both  believes in no gods and that he believes in false gods.  Anyway, the supposedly impious beliefs he is accused of holdinge.g. that the sun is a stoneare old hat; the philosopher Anaxagoras makes this claim in a book that anyone can buy in the market place.  As for corrupting the youth, Socrates argues that no-one would do this knowingly.  To corrupt someone is to make them a worse person, which would also make them a worse friend to have around. Why would he want to do that? Socrates real defense: a defense of the philosophical life The heart of the Apology  is Socrates account of the way he has lived his life.  He recounts how his friend Chaerephon once asked the Delphic Oracle if anyone was wiser than Socrates.  The Oracle said that no -one was.  On hearing this Socrates claims to have been astounded, since he was acutely aware of his own ignorance.  He set about trying to prove the Oracle wrong by interrogating his fellow Athenians, searching for someone who was genuinely wise.  But he kept coming up against the same problem.  People might be quite expert about some particular thing such as military strategy, or boatbuilding; but they always thought themselves expert on many other things, particularly on deep moral and political questions.  And Socrates, in the course of questioning them, would reveal that on these matters they didnt know what they were talking about. Naturally, this made Socrates unpopular with those whose ignorance he  exposed.  It also gave him the reputation (unjustly, he says) of being a sophist, someone who was good at winning arguments through verbal quibbling.  But he stuck to his mission throughout his life.  He was never interested in making money; not did he enter politics.  He was happy to live in poverty and spend  his time discussing moral and philosophical questions with anyone who was willing to converse with him. Socrates then does something rather unusual. Many men in his position would conclude their speech by appealing to the jurys compassion, pointing out that they have young children, and pleading for mercy.  Socrates does the opposite.  He more or less harangues the jury and everyone else present to reform their lives, to stop caring so much about money, status, and reputation,  and start caring more about the moral quality of heir souls. Far from being guilty of any crime, he argues, he is actually gods gift to the city, for which they should be grateful.  In  a famous image he likens himself to a gadfly that by stinging the neck of a horse keeps it from being sluggish. This is what he does for Athens: he keeps people from becoming intellectually lazy and forces them to be self-critical. The Verdict The jury of 501 Athenian citizens proceed to find Socrates guilty by a vote of 281 to 220.  The system required the prosecution to propose a penalty and the defense to propose an alternative penalty.  Socrates accusers propose death.  They probably expected Socrates to propose exile, and the jury would probably have gone along with this.  But Socrates wont play the game.  His first proposal is that, since hes an asset to the city, he should  receive free meals at the prytaneum, an honor usually given to Olympic athletes.  This outrageous suggestion probably sealed his fate. But Socrates is defiant. He rejects the idea of exile.  He even rejects the idea of staying in Athens and keeping his mouth shut. He cant stop doing philosophy, he says, because the unexamined life is not worth living. Perhaps in response to the urgings of his friends, Socrates eventually proposes a fine, but the damage was done. By a larger margin, the jury voted for the death penalty. Socrates is not surprised by the verdict, nor is he phased by it.  Hes seventy years old and will die soon anyway. Death, he says, is either an endless dreamless sleep, which is nothing to fear, or it leads to an afterlife where, he imagines, he will be able to carry on philosophizing. A few weeks later Socrates died by drinking hemlock, surrounded by his friends.  His last moments are beautifully related by Plato in the  Ã‚  Phaedo.

Evaluating and reviewing current technologies within genetics and Essay

Evaluating and reviewing current technologies within genetics and biotechnology - Essay Example Some endangered species may recover on the brink of extinction, while others will never recover and may be lost forever. According to Neglia (2011), paleontologists estimate that 90 percent of flora and fauna that ever existed have gone extinct. Biotechnology scientists have embarked on extensive use of biotechnology to breed and conserve the endangered species. Biotechnology constitutes techniques that use substances from living organisms to make modified products or develop microorganisms for specific purposes (Gonzalez-Benito & Martin, 2011). Most of the biotechnologies have already been adopted while others are being developed. These biotechnologies include embryo-transfer, artificial insemination, multiple ovulation, ova-pick-up, In-vitro fertilization, embryo splitting, sperm sexing and cloning. Embryo-transfer Embryo transfer is a step in the process of assisted reproduction where embryos are placed in the uterus of a female with the intention of establishing pregnancy (Thongp hakdee et al, 2011). Biotechnologists have identified this procedure to be one of the best technologies in protecting species extinction. The primary demerit of embryo transfer is that it is not economically feasible in small-scale application; however, embryo transfer greatly contributes to genetic improvement in local breeds and restoration of endangered species (Klotzko, 2006). Embryo transfer is advantageous since it affords the possibility of producing a variety of progeny from a female species. This means that one female can be enhanced through biotechnology to produce several offsprings, just as male sperms can be used to fertilize several ova in Artificial Insemination. Biotechnologists, for example, have succeeded in increasing the lifetime productivity of Brown Pelican, Cheetah, Desert Tortoise, and Cockatoo from between six and ten offs springs to twenty-five (Iguchi & Kitano, 2008). Increased numbers of calves ensure that these species are not endangered and protect them from extinction (Hosseini, Fazilati, Moulavi, Foruzanfar, Hajian, Abedi, Nasiri, Kaveh, Shahverdi, Hemami & Nasr-esfahani, 2009). Another advantage of embryo transfer is that genetically outstanding animals have the potential for breeding program and their male young ones are usually selected for use in Artificial Insemination (Field, 2012). These male offsprings have excellent adaptive features that enable them to withstand harsh conditions in diverse environments, thus protecting endangered animals from possible extinction. Scientists can enhance the rate of genetic change with specially designed breeding schemes. This increases the chances of maximizing on the advantages of increased intensity of female selections and possible increase in turnover of generations (Verma, Kumar, Kumar & Chand, 2012). Increased generations turnover is the objective of genetic biotechnologists in their struggle to achieve protection of endangered species from possible extinction. Ethical considerati ons concerning embryo transfer include consent of donors and recipients, avoidance to mix gametes or embryos from different sources, and meeting the settlement of donor expenses. Artificial Insemination Artificial insemination involves deliberate introduction of semen into a female oviduct for the purpose of fertilization by means other than copulation (Araujo, Ginther, Ferreira, Palha?o, Beg & Wiltbank, 2009). The male

Prevention of Chronic Diseases in the USA Research Paper

Prevention of Chronic Diseases in the USA - Research Paper Example The provision on clinical and community preventative services is one of the main provisions of this act that is critical in the prevention of chronic diseases. The professional nurses have an important role in implementing this provision. Prevention of Chronic Diseases Introduction According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2013), the American nation spends 75 percent of its health care budget to treat chronic diseases. Chronic diseases are the nation’s leading causes of disability and death. The conditions of chronic diseases leave in their wake compromised life quality, deaths that could have been prevented, as well as burgeoning costs of health care. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) that President Obama signed into law in March 2010, is a comprehensive health reform that makes preventive care more affordable and accessible for majority of Americans. The Affordable Care Act has numerous provisions that are aimed at making preventive ca re more affordable and accessible for majority of Americans (Fortin et al, 2013). This paper will focus on the specific provision of clinical and community preventive services and the role of professional nurses in implementing this provision. The recommended core set of clinical and community preventative services are largely based on gender and age (Slonim et al, 2013). This provision calls for the joining or linking clinical organizations and public or community health organizations in improving clinical preventive services. It is characterized by their trust, time commitment, and resource exchange and sharing, as well as sharing of responsibilities and risks aimed at improving delivery, quality, and access to preventive services. Clinical and community preventive services also increase public and particular patients’ access to comprehensive and medical care services. Community organizations’ clients lacking regular primary care can be treated and evaluated by clini cians for chronic and acute conditions. Patients of primary care practices significantly benefit from referrals to health organizations at community level, which tend on focusing on social health determinants such as food needs, employment, or housing (Feldman, 2011). The provision of clinical and community preventative services in the Affordable Care Act is fundamental in the prevention of chronic diseases. This provision seeks to enhance the delivery of preventive services in the following areas: physical activity, nutrition, tobacco use, and obesity. The provision also focuses on the broader aspects of prevention of chronic diseases such as health promotion, health professional capacity building and disease prevention (Fortin et al, 2013).

The Role of Hermaphrodites in Society Essay -- Sociology Essays Resear

The Role of Hermaphrodites in Society In Ruth Gilbert’s At the Border’s of the Human, she discusses society’s interest in hermaphrodites in terms of â€Å"people’s desire to examine, scrutinize, and display objects which are alien, strange and other† (6). The anomalous and bizarre spectacle of the hermaphroditic body has drawn the focus of scientists since the early sixteenth century. Hermaphrodites have long evoked a â€Å"mixture of disgust and desire, and fear and fascination†(Gilbert 150) that has led to their position as objects of scientific scrutiny. As defined by Random House Webster’s College Dictionary, a hermaphrodite is â€Å"an individual in which reproductive organs of both sexes are present†. Besides hermaphrodites challenging society’s physical norms, they challenge and have recently changed its cultural norms as well. In ancient societies, dual-sexed beings were either â€Å"exterminated, considered to be beings of suffering, or regarded as strange phenomena† (Brisson 40). Their roles in society were nonexistent because they were viewed as â€Å"threatening deviance from the...

Early Literacy in Education Essay

Introduction â€Å"Literacy learning has a profound and lasting effect on the social and academic lives of children. Their future educational opportunities and career choices are directly related to literacy ability. Since early childhood is the period when language develops most rapidly, it is imperative that young children are provided with a variety of developmentally appropriate literacy experiences throughout each day, and that the classroom environment is rich with language, both spoken and printed. Early childhood teachers are responsible for both understanding the developmental continuum of language and literacy and for supporting each child’s literacy development. Literacy learning begins at birth and develops rapidly during the preschool period. The main components of literacy—listening, speaking, reading, and writing—should all be encouraged and supported through conversations and activities that are meaningful to the child and that involve adults and peers. Each child’s interest and motivation to engage in literacy-related activities are evident before that child is able to read or write conventionally. Children should be provided with environments that encourage literacy exploration and their emergent reading and writing behaviors should be valued and supported by their teachers. Effective language and literacy programs provide children who do not speak English with opportunities for listening, speaking, reading, and writing in both English and the home language. It is important for the teacher to recognize the need to make modifications in the presentation of vocabulary, directions, storytelling, reading, and other oral language communication when working with children who do not speak English as their home language. These modifications may include the use of visual aids, scaffolding, repetition, rephrasing, and modeling. † (NJ Department of Education, 2009) Gone are the days in which manual labor was the backbone of our society. We are a people living in the information technology age. Everything that is done from brewing your morning cup of coffee to setting your I-pod to wake you up morning and everything in between requires reading. Without reading a person will face great adversity in day to day living let alone success. It is now critical that every child and adult be able to read and comprehend. Over the past ten years, the amount of information that requires one to read, utilize writing skills, problem solving, and critical thinking has grown enormously. Studies have shown that one of the strongest indicators of a child’s success in school is the educational attainment of his or her parents. As you can imagine, this can plainly effect more than the person who is illiterate. This can also be a death sentence of poverty and destitution as the child grows into adulthood just as doors open for the life-long reader. Today we will discuss: what is needed to prepare children to read, the methods used to help recognize phonics and begin the transition into emergent readers, and what can be done to encourage reading in the future. Preparation In order for a child to begin reading parents must begin assisting their child from an early age. â€Å"Every step a child takes toward learning to read leads to another. Bit by bit, the child builds the knowledge that is necessary for being a reader. Over their first 6 years, most children †¢Talk and listen. †¢Listen to stories read aloud. †¢Pretend to read. †¢Learn how to handle books. †¢Learn about print and how it works. †¢Identify letters by name and shape. †¢Identify separate sounds in spoken language. †¢Write with scribbles and drawing. †¢Connect single letters with the sounds they make. †¢Connect what they already know to what they hear read. †¢Predict what comes next in stories and poems. †¢Connect combinations of letters with sounds. †¢Recognize simple words in print. †¢Sum up what a story is about. †¢Write individual letters of the alphabet. †¢Write words. †¢Write simple sentences. †¢Read simple books. †¢Write to communicate. †¢Read simple books. Children can take more than one of these steps at the same time. This list of steps, though, gives you a general idea of how your child will progress toward reading. † (Helping your child become a reader) While these ideas may seem structured, it is also important to allow children to be creative and use their imagination. Although reading is imperative, too many arrangements and rules can turn a child off and lead to feelings of resentment, anger, and resistance. Reading should be set to the tone and pace of the child. Emergent Readers As the standards of education change a consistent factor remains the focus on reading. Early childhood educators must provide an atmosphere that is both developmentally stimulating to the student while also meeting the standards of education. The methods used to help recognize phonics and begin the transition into emergent readers vary from student to student. Without the foundation of phonics research shows that a child will not learn to read. All children must know the alphabet in order to communicate effectively. Phonics cannot be drilled into the child. This will only produce memorization. Instead, educators must understand a child’s individual needs as well as balance. There is no true need to teach phonics as a separate subject. Most children will develop a sense of curiosity from their own knowledge, ideas, and interest. There will of course be a select few that may benefit from a more formal instruction. When children have a reason to know this will provide enthusiasm. For example: The first letter and sound a child typically learns may be his or her own name. A teacher may ask Billy to identify the first letter of his name. â€Å"B† replies Billy. â€Å"What sound does the letter B make? † â€Å"Buh-buh-Billy exclaims the child. Billy is now inspired and driven to want to learn the other sounds the letters make. Parents and teachers must also realize that reading will contrast greatly as children grow. Below is a list that may help each parent as well as teacher: â€Å"Infants †¢Talk, read, and sing to infants–they learn from everything they see and hear even in the first stages of life. †¢Take your baby to the park, zoo, and the store with you. Bring her attention to objects, signs, and people. †¢Always make books a part of your baby’s toy selection, even if he enjoys handling books more than being read to. As your child grows, point out pictures of objects and offer their names. Eventually, your child will be able to name the pictures, too. †¢Encourage associations between symbols and their meaning–as they get closer to toddlerhood, children may begin to recognize familiar signs for products and logos for cereal or fast food restaurants. Toddlers †¢Help toddlers make the transition from baby talk to adult language by repeating their words and expressions correctly without reprimanding them. †¢Let toddlers â€Å"read† their favorite picture books by themselves while you remain close by to comment. Or, pause before a familiar word as you read to your toddler, and let her fill in the missing word. This works especially well with rhymes or repeated refrains. †¢Provide magnetic and block letters to introduce a toddler to the spelling of his name. †¢Before you take your toddler on a new type of outing, read about the events you are about to witness. Talk with your child about the experience, and follow up with further reading to reinforce learning. Preschooler †¢Add new books to your child’s collection, but keep reading old favorites. Your preschooler may know them by heart now–this represents an important step in learning about reading. †¢Continue to take children shopping with you, and let them help identify products with coupons. Let preschool children join in as you follow a recipe. †¢Take books on long trips with you to encourage reading as entertainment. School-age children †¢Continue to read to your child, even if she has learned to read already. Take turns reading pages of your favorite books. †¢Encourage story writing by listening to the stories children tell. †¢Play word games like Scrabble or Boggle with children and introduce them to crossword puzzles. † (NAEYC, 1998) Encouragement â€Å"The first step in teaching a child to read is encouraging them to read. † – Unknown. This is a proven fact in the development of children. A child that is encouraged has no limit on what he or she can achieve. As educators and parents the responsibility begins early. Reading will encourage children to develop a life-long love for learning. If knowledge is power, books are full of it. Why is reading so important to children? â€Å"The Media Awareness Network emphasizes the potentially negative effects watching television can have on kids. This includes increased exposure to violence, sexual content, and adversely affecting a child’s course of development. In addition, watching television teaches children habits that promote a sedentary lifestyle, contributing to childhood obesity. Meanwhile, reading has been proven to enhance a child’s life by assisting cognitive development and helping children build language skills. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization points out that reading helps children develop a sense of empowerment. It can also help children develop social and communication skills. Furthermore, good reading skills increase educational opportunities and may dramatically increase a child’s chances for academic and lifelong success† (Lendabarker, 2010) There is a vast assortment of options for parents to help encourage reading at home. One of the longest running programs to encourage reading is Pizza Hut’s â€Å"BOOK IT† program. â€Å"This provides an incentive to motivate children to read. BOOK IT! runs every school year from October through March. The teacher sets a reading goal for each child in the class. A tracking chart and reproducibles are included to make it that much easier. As soon as a child meets the monthly reading goal, the teacher gives him or her a Reading Award Certificate. † (Pizza Hut) Flexible BOOK IT! goals are based on reading ability. Number of books, number of pages, or number of minutes – they all work. BOOK IT! can also be used with the reading curriculum or as support for comprehension or intervention programs. For children not reading independently, the goal can be set where a parent or others read to the child. Fun Pizza Hut is proud of all BOOK IT! readers! The restaurant manager and team congratulate every child for meeting the monthly reading goal and reward them with a free, one-topping Personal Pan Pizza, BOOK IT! card and backpack clip. Other ideas to encourage reading include: †¢Make a habit of reading to your child every day, whether she is a one-year-old or a 10-year-old. †¢When your child is able to, have her read to you. You can take turns reading chapters in a simple chapter book, for example. †¢Get a library card for your child. Go to the library every week and take out several books. †¢Be aware of your child’s interests and direct your child to related books. †¢Try to find a series that she really likes and will want to continue reading. †¢Provide a comfortable reading area, with good lighting, in your home. †¢Discuss books with your child. †¢Buy books for your children that are related to their special interests. †¢If your child is a reluctant reader and not reading on grade level, buy her hi/lo books (books with a high interest level, low vocabulary). †¢Talk to your child’s teacher and ask for suggestions. †¢If your child likes incentives and the computer, enroll in an online book group. †¢If your child really enjoys a particular author, check with your librarian about other authors or books she might enjoy. †¢Children also often enjoy the opportunity to read children’s magazines As parents and educators, it is more important to spend time reading with your child on a consistent on-going basis. The method you select is not nearly as important as the time spent actually reading together. Conclusion Show me a child that can read and research will show you a child on his or her way to succeed. Parents, educators, grandparents, aunts, uncles all need to take time to read to a child. All too often parents rush out to buy the latest video game or latest toy. Where is that enthusiasm for the love of reading? How many children even see their parents read? We live in an age where technology surrounds us at every given moment; that does not negate the need to read and to take an active role in the education of children. The research speaks for itself. Reading equals succeeding. Works Cited Bagert, B. C. (1993). Helping your child learn to read. Retrieved February 25, 2010, from Kids Source: http://www. kidsource. com/kidsource/content/learread. html Lendabarker, K. (2010, January 3). Encouraging Children to Read. Retrieved February 25, 2010, from Suite101: http://earlychildhood. suite101. com/article. cfm/helping_children_develop_good_reading_habits NAEYC. (1998). Phonics and Whole Language Learning. Retrieved February 25, 2010, from Education. com: http://www. education. com/reference/article/Ref_Phonics_Whole/ NJ Department of Education. (2009, Unknown Unknown). Retrieved February 16, 2010, from www. state. nj. us: www. state. nj. us/education/cccs/2009/PreSchool. doc Pizza Hut. (n. d. ). Pizza Hut. Retrieved February 25, 2010, from Pizza Hut BOOK IT! program: http://www. bookitprogram. com/bedtimestory/ Uknown. (n. d. ). Literacy Guide. Retrieved February 24, 2010, from Bankstreet: http://www. bankstreet. edu/literacyguide/early2. html Unknown. (unknown, unknown unknown). Helping your child become a reader. Retrieved February 19, 2010, from Ed. gov: http://www2. ed. gov/parents/academic/help/reader/part4. html

The Murder of College Student Katherine Foster

A 47-year-old woman living in a homeless shelter in Jackson, Mississippi has been arrested for a murder that took place in Alabama 28 years ago. Jamie Kellam Letson is being held on $500,000 bond in Mobile for the February 1980 shooting death of her longtime friend Katherine Foster, a student at the University of South Alabama when she was killed. Letson, who was 19 at the time, and the 18-year-old Katherine Foster were friends who grew up together in Pascagoula, Mississippi. On Feb. 23, 1980, Foster was a freshman at South Alabama in Mobile. When Foster went missing, a group of 50 volunteer students searched two days for her near the university and she was found in a wooded area near the campus. No Signs of Assault When she was found, there were few signs of foul play, except for the two bullet holes in her head and the blood underneath her hair. Investigators said her makeup was on, her hair brushed and her clothes neat and clean. There were no bruises on her body or any indication of sexual assault. Five days after the murder, police found a .22 caliber pistol at a nearby pond, but the gun turned out not to be the murder weapon, which has never been found. Few Clues Over the Years Three years after Fosters death, police thought they had another suspect when a university security guard committed suicide. In his home, they found an extensive collection of material related to the Foster case, including the autopsy report, news articles, and poems that the guard wrote about Foster. They also found in his garage a secure room with a mattress in which someone could have been hidden. But investigators determined that Michael Maris, the dead guard, had an alibi for the time of Fosters disappearance and he was ruled out as a suspect. Letson, who has served time for theft and bank fraud, was previously questioned by police in connection with the case  because she was a longtime friend of Foster, but the case had been cold for more than 25 years until recently. Assistant District Attorney Jo Beth Murphree would not tell reporters what evidence led to the arrest of Letson after 28 years.